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#ifdef _WIN32
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#include <windows.h>
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#include <mmsystem.h>
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#pragma comment(lib, "winmm.lib")
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#pragma comment(lib, "user32.lib")
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#define _USE_MATH_DEFINES
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#include <cmath>
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#else
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#include <alsa/asoundlib.h>
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#include <cmath>
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#endif
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#include <iostream>
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#include <cstdint>
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#include <vector>
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#include <cmath>
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#ifndef M_PI
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#define M_PI 3.14159265358979323846
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#endif
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#ifndef M_LN2
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#define M_LN2 0.693147180559945309417
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#endif
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#ifdef _WIN32
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// Windows 回调结构
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struct PlaybackContext {
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volatile bool done;
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WAVEHDR* header;
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};
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// Windows 播放完成回调函数
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void CALLBACK waveOutProc(HWAVEOUT hwo, UINT uMsg, DWORD_PTR dwInstance,
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DWORD_PTR dwParam1, DWORD_PTR dwParam2) {
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if (uMsg == WOM_DONE) {
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PlaybackContext* ctx = reinterpret_cast<PlaybackContext*>(dwInstance);
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ctx->done = true;
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}
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}
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#endif
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extern "C" {
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#ifdef _WIN32
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#define SND_EXPORT __declspec(dllexport)
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#else
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#define SND_EXPORT
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#endif
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SND_EXPORT bool play_frequency(float frequency, int32_t duration_ms,
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double volume, int32_t channels,
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int32_t sample_rate) {
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// 参数验证
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if (frequency <= 0.0f || duration_ms <= 0 ||
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volume <= 0.0 || volume > 1.0 ||
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channels <= 0 || channels > 8 ||
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sample_rate <= 0) {
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std::cerr << "Invalid parameters" << std::endl;
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return false;
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}
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// 精确计算帧数：使用 round 而非截断
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// duration_ms / 1000.0 得到秒数，乘以采样率得到帧数
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int64_t num_frames = static_cast<int64_t>(
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std::round(static_cast<double>(sample_rate) * duration_ms / 1000.0)
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);
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if (num_frames <= 0) {
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std::cerr << "Duration too short to generate any frames" << std::endl;
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return false;
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}
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// 计算实际播放时长（用于调试）
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double actual_duration_ms = static_cast<double>(num_frames) / sample_rate * 1000.0;
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std::cout << "Requested duration: " << duration_ms << " ms, "
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<< "Actual duration: " << actual_duration_ms << " ms, "
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<< "Frames: " << num_frames << std::endl;
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// 计算总采样点数
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int32_t total_samples = static_cast<int32_t>(num_frames * channels);
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std::vector<int16_t> buffer(total_samples);
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// 计算振幅（应用对数音量缩放以获得更自然的音量控制）
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int32_t amplitude = static_cast<int32_t>(32767.0 * volume);
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// 生成正弦波数据
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for (int64_t i = 0; i < num_frames; i++) {
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// 使用 double 计算以提高精度
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double t = static_cast<double>(i) / sample_rate;
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double value = sin(2.0 * M_PI * frequency * t);
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// 应用淡入淡出以避免咔嗒声
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int64_t fade_samples = static_cast<int64_t>(sample_rate * 0.005); // 5ms 淡入淡出
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double fade_factor = 1.0;
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if (i < fade_samples) {
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// 淡入：从 0 到 1
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fade_factor = static_cast<double>(i) / fade_samples;
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} else if (i >= num_frames - fade_samples) {
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// 淡出：从 1 到 0
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fade_factor = static_cast<double>(num_frames - 1 - i) / fade_samples;
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}
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int16_t sample = static_cast<int16_t>(
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amplitude * value * fade_factor
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);
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// 填充所有声道
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for (int32_t ch = 0; ch < channels; ch++) {
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buffer[i * channels + ch] = sample;
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}
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}
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#ifdef _WIN32
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// ===== Windows 实现（带回调，精确计时） =====
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WAVEFORMATEX wfx;
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wfx.wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_PCM;
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wfx.nChannels = channels;
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wfx.nSamplesPerSec = sample_rate;
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wfx.wBitsPerSample = 16;
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wfx.nBlockAlign = channels * 2; // 16-bit = 2 bytes per sample
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wfx.nAvgBytesPerSec = sample_rate * wfx.nBlockAlign;
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wfx.cbSize = 0;
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PlaybackContext context;
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context.done = false;
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context.header = new WAVEHDR();
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// 打开波形设备，使用回调函数
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HWAVEOUT hWaveOut;
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MMRESULT result = waveOutOpen(
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&hWaveOut,
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WAVE_MAPPER,
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&wfx,
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reinterpret_cast<DWORD_PTR>(waveOutProc), // 回调函数
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reinterpret_cast<DWORD_PTR>(&context), // 传递给回调的数据
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CALLBACK_FUNCTION
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);
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if (result != MMSYSERR_NOERROR) {
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std::cerr << "Cannot open audio device. Error code: " << result << std::endl;
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delete context.header;
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return false;
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}
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// 准备 WAVEHDR
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WAVEHDR& header = *context.header;
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ZeroMemory(&header, sizeof(WAVEHDR));
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header.lpData = reinterpret_cast<char*>(buffer.data());
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header.dwBufferLength = static_cast<DWORD>(total_samples * sizeof(int16_t));
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header.dwFlags = 0;
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header.dwLoops = 0;
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result = waveOutPrepareHeader(hWaveOut, &header, sizeof(WAVEHDR));
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if (result != MMSYSERR_NOERROR) {
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std::cerr << "Failed to prepare audio header. Error code: " << result << std::endl;
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waveOutClose(hWaveOut);
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delete context.header;
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return false;
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}
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// 写入音频数据
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result = waveOutWrite(hWaveOut, &header, sizeof(WAVEHDR));
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if (result != MMSYSERR_NOERROR) {
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std::cerr << "Failed to write audio data. Error code: " << result << std::endl;
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waveOutUnprepareHeader(hWaveOut, &header, sizeof(WAVEHDR));
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waveOutClose(hWaveOut);
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delete context.header;
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return false;
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}
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// 等待播放完成（使用事件等待而非轮询）
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auto start_time = timeGetTime();
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while (!context.done) {
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// 使用 MsgWaitForMultipleObjects 等待消息或超时
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// 这样可以在等待的同时处理 Windows 消息
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DWORD wait_result = MsgWaitForMultipleObjects(0, NULL, FALSE, 100, QS_ALLINPUT);
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if (wait_result == WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
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// 处理 Windows 消息
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MSG msg;
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while (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) {
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TranslateMessage(&msg);
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DispatchMessage(&msg);
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}
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}
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// 超时检查（防止无限等待）
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DWORD elapsed = timeGetTime() - start_time;
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if (elapsed > static_cast<DWORD>(duration_ms + 1000)) {
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std::cerr << "Playback timeout" << std::endl;
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waveOutReset(hWaveOut);
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break;
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}
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}
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auto end_time = timeGetTime();
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DWORD actual_play_time = end_time - start_time;
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std::cout << "Actual playback time: " << actual_play_time << " ms" << std::endl;
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// 清理
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waveOutUnprepareHeader(hWaveOut, &header, sizeof(WAVEHDR));
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waveOutClose(hWaveOut);
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delete context.header;
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#else
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// ===== Linux ALSA 实现 =====
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snd_pcm_t *pcm_handle = nullptr;
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const char* device = "default";
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int rc = snd_pcm_open(&pcm_handle, device, SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, 0);
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if (rc < 0) {
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std::cerr << "Cannot open device '" << device << "': "
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<< snd_strerror(rc) << std::endl;
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return false;
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}
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// 设置硬件参数
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snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hw_params;
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snd_pcm_hw_params_alloca(&hw_params);
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rc = snd_pcm_hw_params_any(pcm_handle, hw_params);
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if (rc < 0) {
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std::cerr << "Cannot get hardware parameters: " << snd_strerror(rc) << std::endl;
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snd_pcm_close(pcm_handle);
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return false;
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}
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rc = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access(pcm_handle, hw_params,
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SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED);
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if (rc < 0) {
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std::cerr << "Cannot set access type: " << snd_strerror(rc) << std::endl;
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snd_pcm_close(pcm_handle);
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return false;
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}
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rc = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format(pcm_handle, hw_params,
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SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE);
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if (rc < 0) {
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std::cerr << "Cannot set sample format: " << snd_strerror(rc) << std::endl;
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snd_pcm_close(pcm_handle);
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return false;
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}
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rc = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels(pcm_handle, hw_params, channels);
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if (rc < 0) {
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std::cerr << "Cannot set channel count: " << snd_strerror(rc) << std::endl;
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snd_pcm_close(pcm_handle);
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return false;
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}
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unsigned int hw_sample_rate = static_cast<unsigned int>(sample_rate);
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rc = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near(pcm_handle, hw_params,
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&hw_sample_rate, 0);
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if (rc < 0) {
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std::cerr << "Cannot set sample rate: " << snd_strerror(rc) << std::endl;
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snd_pcm_close(pcm_handle);
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return false;
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}
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if (hw_sample_rate != static_cast<unsigned int>(sample_rate)) {
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std::cout << "Requested sample rate " << sample_rate
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<< " Hz not supported, using " << hw_sample_rate << " Hz" << std::endl;
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}
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// 设置缓冲区大小和周期
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snd_pcm_uframes_t buffer_size;
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rc = snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size_max(hw_params, &buffer_size);
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if (buffer_size > static_cast<snd_pcm_uframes_t>(num_frames)) {
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snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_size_near(pcm_handle, hw_params,
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&reinterpret_cast<snd_pcm_uframes_t&>(num_frames));
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}
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rc = snd_pcm_hw_params(pcm_handle, hw_params);
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if (rc < 0) {
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std::cerr << "Cannot set hardware parameters: " << snd_strerror(rc) << std::endl;
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snd_pcm_close(pcm_handle);
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return false;
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}
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// 设置软件参数
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snd_pcm_sw_params_t *sw_params;
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snd_pcm_sw_params_alloca(&sw_params);
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rc = snd_pcm_sw_params_current(pcm_handle, sw_params);
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if (rc < 0) {
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std::cerr << "Cannot get software parameters: " << snd_strerror(rc) << std::endl;
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snd_pcm_close(pcm_handle);
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return false;
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}
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rc = snd_pcm_sw_params_set_start_threshold(pcm_handle, sw_params,
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static_cast<snd_pcm_uframes_t>(num_frames));
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if (rc < 0) {
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std::cerr << "Cannot set start threshold: " << snd_strerror(rc) << std::endl;
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snd_pcm_close(pcm_handle);
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return false;
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}
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rc = snd_pcm_sw_params(pcm_handle, sw_params);
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if (rc < 0) {
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std::cerr << "Cannot set software parameters: " << snd_strerror(rc) << std::endl;
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snd_pcm_close(pcm_handle);
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return false;
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}
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// 播放音频（写入数据）
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snd_pcm_sframes_t frames_written = 0;
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snd_pcm_uframes_t frames_to_write = static_cast<snd_pcm_uframes_t>(num_frames);
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// 循环写入直到所有数据都播放完毕
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while (frames_written < static_cast<snd_pcm_sframes_t>(num_frames)) {
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snd_pcm_uframes_t remaining = static_cast<snd_pcm_uframes_t>(num_frames - frames_written);
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rc = snd_pcm_writei(pcm_handle,
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buffer.data() + (frames_written * channels),
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remaining);
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if (rc == -EPIPE) {
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// 缓冲区下溢，需要恢复
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std::cerr << "Buffer underrun occurred" << std::endl;
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snd_pcm_prepare(pcm_handle);
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rc = snd_pcm_writei(pcm_handle,
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buffer.data() + (frames_written * channels),
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remaining);
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}
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if (rc < 0) {
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std::cerr << "Error writing to PCM device: " << snd_strerror(rc) << std::endl;
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snd_pcm_close(pcm_handle);
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return false;
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}
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if (rc > 0) {
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frames_written += rc;
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}
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}
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// 等待所有数据播放完成
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rc = snd_pcm_drain(pcm_handle);
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if (rc < 0) {
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std::cerr << "Error draining PCM device: " << snd_strerror(rc) << std::endl;
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snd_pcm_close(pcm_handle);
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return false;
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}
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snd_pcm_close(pcm_handle);
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#endif
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return true;
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}
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} // extern "C"
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