#!/usr/bin/env python3 """ sftp-transfer - 基于SFTP协议的文件上传/下载工具 支持从远程SSH服务器上传和下载文件，支持密码和密钥认证方式。 """ import argparse import os import sys import stat import getpass try: import paramiko except ImportError: print("错误：需要 paramiko 库，请执行: pip install paramiko", file=sys.stderr) sys.exit(1) def build_parser(): parser = argparse.ArgumentParser( description="sftp-transfer - 基于SFTP协议的文件上传/下载工具", epilog=""" 参数说明: 连接参数: --host SSH服务器主机名或IP地址 (必填) --port SSH服务器端口号，默认 22 -u, --username SSH登录用户名 (必填) -p, --password SSH登录密码 (如不提供则交互式输入) --key SSH私钥文件路径 (用于密钥认证) 操作参数: --upload LOCAL REMOTE 上传：本地文件/目录 -> 远程服务器路径 --download REMOTE LOCAL 下载：远程服务器文件/目录 -> 本地路径 -r, --recursive 递归传输目录 -v, --verbose 显示详细信息 使用示例: 1. 上传文件（密码认证）: sftp-transfer --host 192.168.1.100 -u root -p mypass --upload /tmp/test.txt /root/ 2. 下载文件（密钥认证）: sftp-transfer --host 192.168.1.100 -u root --key ~/.ssh/id_rsa \\ --download /root/test.txt /tmp/ 3. 递归上传目录: sftp-transfer --host 192.168.1.100 -u user -p pass -r \\ --upload ./mydir /home/user/mydir 4. 下载目录: sftp-transfer --host 192.168.1.100 -u user -p pass -r \\ --download /home/user/backup ./backup 5. 交互式输入密码: sftp-transfer --host 127.0.0.1 -u qing --upload ./file.txt /tmp/ (此时会提示输入密码) """ ) # 连接参数 parser.add_argument('--host', required=True, help='SSH服务器主机名或IP地址') parser.add_argument('--port', type=int, default=22, help='SSH服务器端口号，默认22') parser.add_argument('-u', '--username', required=True, help='SSH登录用户名') parser.add_argument('-p', '--password', help='SSH登录密码（如不提供则交互式输入）') parser.add_argument('--key', help='SSH私钥文件路径（用于密钥认证）') # 操作参数 parser.add_argument('--upload', nargs=2, metavar=('LOCAL', 'REMOTE'), help='上传：本地文件/目录 -> 远程服务器路径') parser.add_argument('--download', nargs=2, metavar=('REMOTE', 'LOCAL'), help='下载：远程服务器文件/目录 -> 本地路径') parser.add_argument('-r', '--recursive', action='store_true', help='递归传输目录') parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action='store_true', help='显示详细信息') return parser def log(verbose, msg): if verbose: print(f"[SFTP] {msg}") def get_password(args): """获取密码：优先从命令行参数获取，否则交互式输入""" if args.password: return args.password return getpass.getpass(f"请输入 {args.username}@{args.host} 的密码: ") def connect_sftp(args, password): """建立SSH连接并返回SFTP客户端""" client = paramiko.SSHClient() client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) connect_kwargs = { 'hostname': args.host, 'port': args.port, 'username': args.username, 'timeout': 15, } if args.key: connect_kwargs['key_filename'] = args.key if password: connect_kwargs['password'] = password else: connect_kwargs['password'] = password log(args.verbose, f"正在连接 {args.username}@{args.host}:{args.port} ...") client.connect(**connect_kwargs) log(args.verbose, "连接成功！") sftp = client.open_sftp() return client, sftp def ensure_remote_dir(sftp, remote_path, verbose): """确保远程目录存在，递归创建""" parts = remote_path.rstrip('/').split('/') current = '' for part in parts: if not part: continue current += '/' + part try: sftp.stat(current) except FileNotFoundError: log(verbose, f" 创建远程目录: {current}") sftp.mkdir(current) def upload_file(sftp, local_path, remote_path, verbose): """上传单个文件""" remote_dir = os.path.dirname(remote_path) if remote_dir: ensure_remote_dir(sftp, remote_dir, verbose) log(verbose, f" 上传: {local_path} -> {remote_path}") sftp.put(local_path, remote_path) def upload_dir(sftp, local_dir, remote_dir, verbose): """递归上传目录""" ensure_remote_dir(sftp, remote_dir, verbose) for item in os.listdir(local_dir): local_item = os.path.join(local_dir, item) remote_item = os.path.join(remote_dir, item) if os.path.isdir(local_item): log(verbose, f" 进入目录: {local_item}") upload_dir(sftp, local_item, remote_item, verbose) else: upload_file(sftp, local_item, remote_item, verbose) def download_file(sftp, remote_path, local_path, verbose): """下载单个文件""" local_dir = os.path.dirname(local_path) if local_dir and not os.path.exists(local_dir): os.makedirs(local_dir, exist_ok=True) log(verbose, f" 下载: {remote_path} -> {local_path}") sftp.get(remote_path, local_path) def download_dir(sftp, remote_dir, local_dir, verbose): """递归下载目录""" if not os.path.exists(local_dir): os.makedirs(local_dir, exist_ok=True) log(verbose, f" 创建本地目录: {local_dir}") for item in sftp.listdir(remote_dir): remote_item = os.path.join(remote_dir, item).replace('\\', '/') local_item = os.path.join(local_dir, item) try: attr = sftp.stat(remote_item) if stat.S_ISDIR(attr.st_mode): log(verbose, f" 进入目录: {remote_item}") download_dir(sftp, remote_item, local_item, verbose) else: download_file(sftp, remote_item, local_item, verbose) except Exception as e: print(f" 警告: 无法处理 {remote_item}: {e}", file=sys.stderr) def main(): parser = build_parser() args = parser.parse_args() # 检查操作参数 if not args.upload and not args.download: parser.print_help() print("\n错误：必须指定 --upload 或 --download 操作", file=sys.stderr) sys.exit(1) if args.upload and args.download: print("错误：不能同时指定 --upload 和 --download", file=sys.stderr) sys.exit(1) # 获取密码 password = get_password(args) # 建立连接 try: client, sftp = connect_sftp(args, password) except Exception as e: print(f"错误：连接失败 - {e}", file=sys.stderr) sys.exit(1) try: if args.upload: local_path, remote_path = args.upload remote_path = remote_path.replace('\\', '/') if os.path.isdir(local_path): if not args.recursive: print("错误：本地路径是目录，请使用 -r 参数递归上传", file=sys.stderr) sys.exit(1) upload_dir(sftp, local_path, remote_path, args.verbose) else: # 如果远程路径以/结尾，追加文件名 if remote_path.endswith('/'): remote_path = remote_path + os.path.basename(local_path) upload_file(sftp, local_path, remote_path, args.verbose) print(f"✅ 上传完成: {local_path} -> {remote_path}") elif args.download: remote_path, local_path = args.download remote_path = remote_path.replace('\\', '/') try: attr = sftp.stat(remote_path) is_dir = stat.S_ISDIR(attr.st_mode) except FileNotFoundError: print(f"错误：远程路径不存在: {remote_path}", file=sys.stderr) sys.exit(1) if is_dir: if not args.recursive: print("错误：远程路径是目录，请使用 -r 参数递归下载", file=sys.stderr) sys.exit(1) download_dir(sftp, remote_path, local_path, args.verbose) else: if os.path.isdir(local_path): local_path = os.path.join(local_path, os.path.basename(remote_path)) download_file(sftp, remote_path, local_path, args.verbose) print(f"✅ 下载完成: {remote_path} -> {local_path}") except Exception as e: print(f"错误：传输失败 - {e}", file=sys.stderr) sys.exit(1) finally: sftp.close() client.close() log(args.verbose, "连接已关闭") if __name__ == '__main__': main()